© 2025 — Raven M. Moses, PhD

Charter Schools and the Black Independent School Movement

The article discusses the complicated history of the Black Independent School Movement and traces the history and struggles faced by Chicago’s New Concept Development Center, a once independent Afrocentric school which evolved into Betty Shabazz International Charter Schools network.

Once seen as a viable avenue for continuing their culture-focused missions in the wake of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements, charter schools proved to come with a host of difficulties that interfered with the original mission of many of the formerly independent schools.

Click the link below to access the original article.

Source: Black Perspectives (Published by the African American Intellectual History Society)